Global antimicrobial-resistance drivers: an ecological country-level study at the human–animal interface

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a global health challenge. A study found significant associations between animal antimicrobial consumption and AMR in food-producing animals and human antimicrobial consumption in critical and high priority pathogens. Animal antibiotic consumption was positively linked with resistance in these pathogens. Socioeconomic factors, including governance, also played a role in AMR rates. The study suggests that reduced antibiotic consumption alone is not enough to combat AMR. Control methods should focus on poverty reduction, preventing AMR transmission across different domains, and leveling up livestock surveillance systems. Strengthening surveillance efforts, particularly in low-income and middle-income countries, is also crucial.